Crude oil refining is a complex industrial process that converts raw petroleum into usable fuels and chemical products, including gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, lubricants, and petrochemicals. Industrial gases play a vital role in refining by enhancing fuel processing, improving efficiency, reducing emissions, and ensuring safe operations. The primary industrial gases used in oil refineries include hydrogen (H₂), oxygen (O₂), nitrogen (N₂), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and helium (He).